Rabu, 26 Oktober 2011

Posted by jeremygertiebridget on Oktober 26, 2011 in | No comments

PDF Ebook , by Amalie Berlin

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, by Amalie Berlin

Product details

File Size: 1351 KB

Print Length: 256 pages

Publisher: Harlequin Medical Romances; Original edition (December 1, 2018)

Publication Date: December 1, 2018

Sold by: Harlequin Digital Sales Corp.

Language: English

ASIN: B07CSYJKY2

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Amazon Best Sellers Rank:

#519,202 Paid in Kindle Store (See Top 100 Paid in Kindle Store)

4 1/2 STARS!The healing powers of love are working overtime! With the second half of Amalie Berlin’s holiday duet Scottish Docs in New York, we get gruff brother Lyons’ story. If you read his brother Wolfe’s story, which I highly recommend!, you’ll already know some of the key players and already be familiar with the lowdown of what happened to Lyons a year ago. This book picks up immediately after and he meets someone who changes his outlook on life. I really enjoyed this duet. Both brothers had turmoil that had them turn off a part of themselves in order to protect their hearts, but were genuinely great guys underneath. With the love of a good woman, their beauty and goodness was able to shine again. Excellent characters and attention grabbing settings overall … highly recommend!Nurse practiioner Ysabelle Sabetta is starting a new job at Sutcliffe Memorial in Manhattan. She’s held this position prior, but not in quite as hands on setting as this busy ER, so she’s not sure what to expect. She’s thrust into the heart of emergency medicine without warning with her first patient and the gruff doctor she’s supposed to be shadowing really lets her have it!Dr. Lyons McKeag can’t suffer fools, especially in an emergency situation … but when looking back on it, he realizes he might have been too hard on Bella. He begrudgingly reaches out to make it right. He’s dealt with a traumatic time for the last year, and he’s not living his best life right now. In fact he’s quite miserable, and when someone starts leaving Secret Santa gifts in his locker, it really sets him off. He just wants to be left alone to do his job!

Healed Under the Mistletoe by Amalie Berlin is the second book in the Scottish Doc’s series. This is Lyons McKeog’s story. Ysabelle (Bella) Sabetta is employed at the same hospital and has to shadow Lyons. Lyons is a grouch and hard on Bella on her first day. All he wants is to do his job and be left alone. Bella has had the philosophy instilled in her that people hurting needs acts of kindness. She embarks on a venture of little acts of kindness towards Lyons. A great Christmas story.

The second in the Scottish Docs duet and what an awesome conclusion. In the first you meet Wolf Mc Keog and you find out some background of the family. In this you meet Dr. Lyons McKeog and if you thought Wolf was tough wait till you meet his brother. Talk about being a grouch he is worse than the grinch at Christmas. Nurse Ysabelle Sabetta was happy to be employed at the Manhattan hospital and she will shadow Lyons so she is excited. Excitement turns to horror when during an emergency with her first patient he addresses her sharply and humiliates her. He doesn't suffer fools gladly and realizes he may have been too hard but his past haunts him and makes him the man he is. He only wants to do his job and not be bothered with any others. Sounds like a plan but Ysabelle is like a light in the dark and his plans fall apart. I am not giving away any more of the story you need to read these two a true joy for the holiday season. don't miss it.

"Healed Under the Mistletoe" by Amalie Berlin is Book 2 in her 'Scottish Docs in New York' series. Book 1 "Their Christmas to Remember" was good and this one was even better. I recommend the series. We learn more about Dr. Lyons McKeag and meet nurse turned PA Belle Sabetta. Belle's Grandmother instilled upon her, and her twin sister Noelle, that if someone is hurting and act of kindness might help. These two people are drawn to each other, but Lyons can't trust and Belle is in denial. As they grow closer we learn about each of their pasts and how they can help each other in more ways than one.

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Jumat, 21 Oktober 2011

Posted by jeremygertiebridget on Oktober 21, 2011 in | No comments

Get Free Ebook Road map & highway guide of Malaysia: Including detailed city maps of Kangar, Alor Setar ... Kuala Lumpur & Klang Valley = Peta panduan jalan & lebuhraya Malaysia

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Road map & highway guide of Malaysia: Including detailed city maps of Kangar, Alor Setar ... Kuala Lumpur & Klang Valley = Peta panduan jalan & lebuhraya Malaysia


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Road map & highway guide of Malaysia: Including detailed city maps of Kangar, Alor Setar ... Kuala Lumpur & Klang Valley = Peta panduan jalan & lebuhraya Malaysia

Language Notes

Text: English, Chinese

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Product details

Hardcover

Publisher: World Express Mapping Sdn. Bhd (2002)

Language: English

ISBN-10: 9832192099

ISBN-13: 978-9832192091

Shipping Information: View shipping rates and policies

Average Customer Review:

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Amazon Best Sellers Rank:

#4,632,354 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)

Road map & highway guide of Malaysia: Including detailed city maps of Kangar, Alor Setar ... Kuala Lumpur & Klang Valley = Peta panduan jalan & lebuhraya Malaysia PDF
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Sabtu, 15 Oktober 2011

Posted by jeremygertiebridget on Oktober 15, 2011 in | No comments

Get Free Ebook Graph Composition Notebook 8" x 10",120 Pages,Dog Cover Potter style seamless pattern: Composition Notebook for College School/Teacher/Office/Student, by Mind Publisher

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Product details

Paperback: 120 pages

Publisher: CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform; 1 edition (September 12, 2016)

Language: English

ISBN-10: 1537635913

ISBN-13: 978-1537635910

Product Dimensions:

8 x 0.3 x 10 inches

Shipping Weight: 11.5 ounces (View shipping rates and policies)

Average Customer Review:

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Amazon Best Sellers Rank:

#11,796,150 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)

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Selasa, 11 Oktober 2011

Posted by jeremygertiebridget on Oktober 11, 2011 in | No comments

Download Ebook Holy Cow!: Doggerel, Catnaps, Scapegoats, Foxtrots, and Horse Feathers―Splendid Animal Words and Phrases, by Boze Hadleigh

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Holy Cow!: Doggerel, Catnaps, Scapegoats, Foxtrots, and Horse Feathers―Splendid Animal Words and Phrases, by Boze Hadleigh


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Holy Cow!: Doggerel, Catnaps, Scapegoats, Foxtrots, and Horse Feathers―Splendid Animal Words and Phrases, by Boze Hadleigh

About the Author

Boze Hadleigh, author of Celebrity Feuds! and Hollywood and Whine, has written more than 15 books. He holds a master's degree in journalism, speaks five languages, and has been a winner on Jeopardy! Boze also writes extensively for magazines, and his work has appeared in more than 100 publications including TV Guide, Playboy, and Us. The author splits his time, when not traveling the world, between Beverly Hills and Sydney, Australia.

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Product details

Paperback: 320 pages

Publisher: Skyhorse (May 12, 2015)

Language: English

ISBN-10: 1632205572

ISBN-13: 978-1632205575

Product Dimensions:

5.5 x 0.8 x 8.2 inches

Shipping Weight: 12.6 ounces (View shipping rates and policies)

Average Customer Review:

3.5 out of 5 stars

26 customer reviews

Amazon Best Sellers Rank:

#661,221 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)

Rambles all over the place. About twice as many words as necessary and frequent divergence from topic. Lots of good research, though, and interesting tidbits if you can slog through it.

This book babbles on and on; it is hard to read. Smaller sections about one subject would be more interesting and useful. It was not what I expected, and I would not recommend it.

Long, rambling, disjointed, uninteresting... Imagine a catalog...page after page...of every vague reference or use of all things canine (or feline, or... ). Really... Who cares to see them enumerated?

Very interesting I enjoyed the entire book. Learned the meaning of many new facts. This was a very interesting book. Need more books like this.

I am in the middle of reading this book and enjoying every minute of it. I recommend this book to anyone who enjoys learning about the origins of English expressions. I have two books on etymology but only use them for reference because they make boring reading. HOLY COW is written with humor and tells us the origins of expressions involving dogs, cats, horses and other animals. Very interesting stuff.

Not at all what I thought it would be. Definitely not a comprehensive explanation of how some of our animal based expressions came about.

great reading-great entertainment, and also a great source of information for you trivia lovers!

Interesting, but I didn't realize how it was mostly about farming/ranching terms.

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Holy Cow!: Doggerel, Catnaps, Scapegoats, Foxtrots, and Horse Feathers―Splendid Animal Words and Phrases, by Boze Hadleigh PDF
Holy Cow!: Doggerel, Catnaps, Scapegoats, Foxtrots, and Horse Feathers―Splendid Animal Words and Phrases, by Boze Hadleigh PDF

Sabtu, 01 Oktober 2011

Posted by jeremygertiebridget on Oktober 01, 2011 in | No comments

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Song Reader


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Song Reader

Review

"[A] visually stunning and captivating album… For anyone with an ear (or an eye) for music, this album is the perfect opportunity to abandon your seats, join the stage and become a participant rather than just a spectator."—Zink Magazine"Visually sumptuous … A bold artistic challenge and a madcap creative gauntlet in a pop-culture landscape that favors instant gratification."—American Way

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About the Author

Since 1993, Beck has released eleven albums; two of them, Odelay and Sea Change, were included on Rolling Stone’s list of the 500 Greatest Albums of All Time. As a producer and collaborator, he’s worked with dozens of other artists, including Charlotte Gainsbourg and Thurston Moore. He lives in Los Angeles.

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Product details

Hardcover: 108 pages

Publisher: McSweeney's (December 11, 2012)

Language: English

ISBN-10: 9781938073380

ISBN-13: 978-1938073380

ASIN: 193807338X

Product Dimensions:

9.8 x 0.8 x 12.8 inches

Shipping Weight: 1.8 pounds (View shipping rates and policies)

Average Customer Review:

4.9 out of 5 stars

36 customer reviews

Amazon Best Sellers Rank:

#559,091 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)

This is an awesome songbook! I like the entire concept behind, and the execution of, this album. Basically, the idea behind this songbook was to present an album the way that it was done before you could buy records. The only way to hear any of these songs is to play them for yourself. You bring this music to life, and it becomes an interactive experience where you make the music your own. The songbook contains a bunch of individual sheets. Each sheet is two pages, printed front and back, giving a total of four printed pages per sheet. The front page is the cover art, the inner two pages are the music, and the back page always features an advertisement from the fictional music company, showing samples of more music they offer. These advertisements are really funny. Most of the samples in the advertisements are about four bars long and include lyrics. As an example, one of the advertisements is for a bunch of songs which portray stalker type behavior in hilarious fashion. One of the song samples on that particular advertisement has the following lyrics: "Heavy breathing on the phone, is how you'll know it's me." You can actually play this bizarre sample and sing along to it, lol.The first two sheets in the songbook explain the album's concept in detail, and it is quite fascinating. A lot of the old sheet music is far more wild and perverse than you might imagine, and they have fun with that in this album. Even if you can't play any of the songs, you will learn something about Beck and music history, and you will certainly enjoy the hilarious and excellent artwork.

Leave it to Beck to deliver his musical versatility in a format once loved by hundreds of millions, now virtually (heh) abandoned: sheet music. All twenty songs are charmingly rendered in easy-to-follow notes/chords/lyrics, and adorned by many different visual artists with a multitude of mostly retro covers. There are many back-of-the-songsheet oddities (ads, fictional songs and "songs"), as you would expect from Beck + McSweeney's. Even if you are not a musician, this is a really cool object to hold and view and consider.The songs? Mostly very good. A few are difficult (the one in 7/4, for example), a few are a little uninspired, but about half of them are REALLY good. Beck has reigned in his impulse towards excessively surreal lyrics, for the most part, in an attempt to make them more approachable. You can find online YouTube versions, but most of the interpretations I've checked out are not very impressive. If you are a musician, try them out yourself. More fun than a barrel of sea monkeys!

I'm a musician so its no surprise that I like to listen to music. However, while I like writing my own music, its rare that I am motivated to cover someone else's tunes. That's just how I am. But when I heard about Song Reader, my attitude changed. I just received my copy of Song Reader and I'm excited about it. Here's a collection of songs by a popular artist that noone has heard before. With nothing to compare it to, it's easy to understand why there have been so many interpretations submitted already, from musicians of all skill levels and ages.The contents of this 'album' are on high quality paper with color artwork. I thought this was going to be more like a song book, but its a collection of individual sheet music, and its well done. 20 songs, plus a variety of 'bonus' material filling out the sheets, will keep you busy. I haven't read sheet music in a long time. While I may not be able to play some of the songs, at a minimum I can read the chords. If you get stuck, its just a matter of time before readers release a SoundCloud or YouTube track to kickstart your musical process.I gave this four stars because I've had tons of fun learning and recording these songs. While I can't say I like all the songs, I feel like I got my money's worth, both in the physical package and overall entertainment value.I'm not sure what non-musicians would 'do' with Song Reader, perhaps other reviewers will comment on what led them to purchase it. I'm not a collector of 'fan' material so I don't know if this would be interesting to a long-time Beck fan or not. It will be interesting to see how long the Song Reader buzz lasts.You can listen to or submit your Youtube or SoundCloud recordings of songs at the official site:[...]However, songreader.net does not yet give you any means to filter through the lot of good and not-so-good covers of the material. I recommend you also check out this group on SoundCloud where you can easily pick out well-played tracks and listen to the cream of the crop:[...]

While I am really really enjoying this collection for the sake of the songs it contains, the packaging is almost the best part: every song has gorgeous cover art and a hilarious fake ad on the back that is extremely true to the vintage sheet music which inspired the album. The arrangements are pretty straightforward and it is a treat to get to play through "unreleased" Beck songs, plus the actual physical product is so much fun!

Bought this as a Christmas present for my 15yo son who is an advanced-intermediate pianist. He LOVES it. Months later he is still exploring the songs.

My son and professional musician found this book wonderful addition to his extensive library. He is still explring the pieces and finding new ways to play them - including a variety of other instruments and voices.

This was a gift for a musically inclined friend and he loved it. Each song is it's own individual sheet music. The art is terrific and in some cases very humorous. Even if you're not a fan of Beck anyone who plays piano would love this.

Beck is a genius. The quality of this songbook is awesome, and having an online community to review other folks versions of these songs is also a great idea. Having fun putting the work in to bring this book to life.

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Senin, 05 September 2011

Posted by jeremygertiebridget on September 05, 2011 in | No comments

PDF Ebook The Analects of Confucius

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The Analects of Confucius

The Analects of Confucius


The Analects of Confucius


PDF Ebook The Analects of Confucius

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The Analects of Confucius

Review

"This fresh rendering of the Analects may come to be accepted as [Waley's] richest gift: fresh in time and in treatment." —The Listener

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Language Notes

Text: English, Chinese (translation)

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Product details

Paperback: 256 pages

Publisher: Vintage; 1st edition (August 28, 1989)

Language: English

ISBN-10: 0679722963

ISBN-13: 978-0679722960

Product Dimensions:

5.2 x 0.7 x 8 inches

Shipping Weight: 11.2 ounces (View shipping rates and policies)

Average Customer Review:

4.2 out of 5 stars

213 customer reviews

Amazon Best Sellers Rank:

#301,981 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)

Analects, in case you were wondering, are "selected passages from the writings of an author.” I mention this definition here because it seems that the only time we use the term “analects” is when we consider the writings of Confucius. Was there once a larger corpus of writings from Confucius, and is what we have today distilled from some larger body of work? If so, then I wish we had that entire larger body of philosophical work, the same way we have a good many books from classical Greek philosophers like Plato and Aristotle; but that being said, I certainly am glad that we have the Analects as a distillation of Confucius’ philosophy.His Chinese name was K’ung Fu-tzu, 孔夫子, and the Latinate name that he bears today was probably bestowed by Jesuit missionaries to China in the 16th century. By any name, however, Confucius is a great philosopher who speaks to us today just as clearly as he spoke to the people of Chinese antiquity. He lived a long time ago – when he died in 479 B.C., the Spartan defense of Thermopylae had taken place just one year before – but it is astonishing how current and relevant his words and ideas remain.“Analects” is, of course, a Latin- and Greek-derived term; in Chinese, the book is 論語,the "Lun Yü." It is divided into 20 books, and contains a total of 512 Confucian sayings, most of them quite short. On this re-reading of "The Analects," I encountered some sayings that were already familiar to me: e.g., “To say you know when you know, and to say you do not when you do not, that is knowledge” (II.17, p. 65). Yet on this reading, I learned many things that I found new.Perhaps because I’ve been reading a good deal of classical Greek philosophy lately, I found some striking parallels between Confucius and the Greeks who wrote sometime after him. For instance, when “The Master said, ‘Barbarian tribes with their rulers are inferior to Chinese states without them’” (III.5, p. 67), it made me think of how the ancient Greeks considered any non-Greek-speaking society to be βάρβαροι, barbaroi, barbarians. I found myself thinking of the doomed tragic heroes of ancient Greek drama, men and women brought down by their tragic flaws, when I heard Confucius reflect that “In his errors a man is true to type. Observe the errors and you will know the man” (IV.7, p. 73).Confucius knows that his disciples aspire to government service in the bureaucracy of the Empire – hence the prevalence of sayings in which Columbus offers advice such as, “Do not worry because you have no official position. Worry about your qualifications. Do not worry because no one appreciates your abilities. Seek to be worthy of appreciation” (IV.14, p. 74),Additionally, in an acutely status-conscious society, Confucius’ listeners are very interested in what will help them achieve the distinction of “gentleman.” With considerable focus on the value of benevolence, Confucius suggests that “The gentleman understands what is moral. The small man understands what is profitable” (IV.16, p. 74). And in one of my favorite passages from the Analects, Confucius remarks that “the gentleman hates to dwell downstream for it is there that all that is sordid in the Empire finds its way” (XIX.20, p. 155).Readers who are interested in the Judeo-Christian philosophical and moral tradition may be struck by the ways in which Confucius disagrees with one of the primary moral imperatives of Christianity. In contrast with Lao Tzu, who in the "Tao Te Ching" tells his disciples to “do good to him who has done you an injury”, Confucius says, “What, then, do you repay a good turn with? You repay an injury with straightness, but you repay a good turn with a good turn” (XIV.34, p. 129). In other words, the only thing you owe to someone who has wronged you is straightness, directness, honesty. For Western readers, many of whom have been raised in the tradition of “whosoever shall smite thee on thy right cheek, turn to him the other also” (Matthew 5:39), this may be the most challenging passage in the entire "Analects."At the same time, Confucianism invokes the Golden Rule in a way similar to all the other great moral, philosophical, and religious systems of the world. In response to a disciple’s asking, “Is there a single word which can be a guide to conduct throughout one’s life?”, Confucius replies, “Do not impose on others what you yourself do not desire” (XV.24, p. 135).Perhaps because it is the dawn of a presidential election year here in the United States of America, I found that I was particularly interested in one particular example of Confucius’ advice to his disciples: “Be sure to go carefully into the case of the man who is disliked by the multitude. Be sure to go carefully into the case of the man who is liked by the multitude” (XV.28, p. 136). Good advice in the state of Lu during the Zhou dynasty, and good advice in any modern nation nowadays.I had this edition of "The Analects" with me when my wife and I were traveling in Beijing, home of the second largest Confucian temple in the world. Walking in the Forbidden City, my copy of "The Analects" in my jacket pocket, I wondered how many readers, imperial or otherwise, referred to their own copy of this book while traveling between and among the buildings of this most impressive city-within-a-city.This edition of "The Analects" includes a glossary of names and places mentioned in the book, an appendix on events in the life of Confucius, a textual history of the book, and a chronology of Confucius’ life. Particularly helpful is another appendix, one that describes the characters of the different disciples with whom Confucius speaks in the Analects. For readers of Confucius’ time, and indeed for followers of Confucianism nowadays, the differences in character among disciples like Tzu-kung, Tzu-lu, and Yen Yüan would be as self-evident as the differences in personality that Christians see among Saint Peter, Saint John, and Saint Thomas in the New Testament. This Penguin Books edition of Confucius’ "Analects" is a very fine way to acquaint, or reacquaint, oneself with one of the most important books ever written.

I own the Oxford World's Classics edition translated by Raymond Dawson.This was my first reading of 'The Analects' and while it was not quite what I expected, as it does not contain a truly coherent philosophy or even a consistent mode of presentation or authorship, it was nevertheless an incredibly rewarding study. And I say study rather than read because while it is quite brief (82 pages) there are a wealth of "chapters" that will leave you pondering--in a good way! If you are worried about the stereotype of vaguess and aloofness in Chinese sages, you needn't fear 'The Analects'. The main thing that can obscure some of the "chapters" is their reliance on Chinese history and most of these are briefly cleared up in Dawon's notes. 'The Analects' can be picked up and put down at a whim due to the informal structure and you will never feel that you lost the flow of it should a few days pass between readings.While I can't compare it to another translation or the Chinese, I found Dawson's translation to be very smooth and highly consistent throughout, and he supplements the introduction with helpful notes on his translation of key terms. This is an edition primarily for the newcomer rather than the scholar (not to say it is in anyway "dumbed down") as it is wonderfully concise in its introduction and notes, never saying more than needs to be said. However, in my case, I certainly wouldn't have minded more scholarship and context. Dawson uses Pinyin rather than Wade-Giles, which is a welcome shift in my eyes, as Wade-Giles often feels overwrought even if it sometimes comes closer to the true pronunciation, and there is a nifty conversion chart included in this edition.This edition like all of the newer Oxford World's Classics is neatly designed with a beautiful cover and good quality paper.

Confucius - The Analects is a rather intriguing book since it aims to tackle information regarding the well known Confucius in a cogent manner.The book is laid out in a fairly straight forward approach with no frills that's an extremely quick read.Within the introductory section, there is some background material featured, while a tad later on the book features notes on particular translations that the book offers. Knowing how complex translations can be, it's a well-thought out approach to delineate what the book means by each translated term, instead of assuming that the reader will know. Not only that, but also, certain words have various meanings, so to be able to narrow down with precision what was stated is greatly appreciated.For individuals seeking veritable gems of Confucius, this book has dozens of them.Reading this book will certainly help the individual realize how the culture was at the time, and why the information presented here was so vital to the upbringing and society in ancient China.The totality of the book is seamlessly interwoven to give you everything you need for comprehension, while not an iota more. This certainly helps since other books can be longwinded at times.Taking all into account the book definitely belongs in the libraries of individuals who value such knowledge with resounding depth. Confucius was definitely a master of his craft, and this book exemplifies that quite trenchantly.

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Selasa, 30 Agustus 2011

Posted by jeremygertiebridget on Agustus 30, 2011 in | No comments

Ebook Download

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Product details

File Size: 27779 KB

Print Length: 366 pages

Publisher: CRC Press; 1 edition (October 29, 2014)

Publication Date: October 29, 2014

Sold by: Amazon Digital Services LLC

Language: English

ASIN: B00OKUG3AW

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#1,763,591 Paid in Kindle Store (See Top 100 Paid in Kindle Store)

I've just read Kratom and Other Mitragynines: The Chemistry and Pharmacology of Opioids from a Non-Opium Source, ed. by Robert B. Raffa. In the preface, Professor Raffa explains the book evolved from an elective course taught at Temple University School of Pharmacy, and is a collection of essays by experts in various fields (chemistry, biology, pharmaceutics, forensic toxicology, etc.).First of all, this is a valuable book, and my only real criticism of it is that it is priced much too high. Perhaps the hardback needs to be so expensive, but why can’t the e-book be a reasonable price?Also, I didn't have the background to understand all of the essays. I found myself looking up terms every couple of minutes while reading. Many of the essays are descriptions of the chemical and biological elements of kratom, and I pretty much skipped these, as they were very dense reading, and I was more concerned with the way kratom functioned as a drug.Short Review:Kratom has enough opioid properties that it should be classified as an opioid, albeit a new one. Kratom has significant pain-relieving properties. It also seems to suppress coughs, has some anti-depressive properties, and can produce euphoria at high doses. It does suppress breathing but less so than classic opioids. It also causes much less constipation. It seems to be less toxic than classic opioids, as there are no verified reports of it acting alone to cause deaths. There are anecdotal reports, and worry, that it can cause dependence and addiction. Most of the chapters call for more research to be done.Notes from the Chapters I Read:Chap 2Makes the case that kratom can be classified as an opioid. Has two alkaloids—mitragynine (MG) and 7-hydroxymitragynine (7-OH-MG)—that show binding affinity for opioid receptors. Also shows pain relief, miosis (constriction of pupils), constipation, respiratory depression, and tolerance. Also, when an alkaloid is injected into mice, and then an opioid antagonist (blocks opioid action) is also injected, the mice show signs of opioid withdrawal.A non-opioid property is that very high doses injected into rodents did not seem to poison them. No evidence of toxicity was found. In addition, the compounds in kratom “appear to produce less emesis (vomiting) and respiratory depression than does codeine, although much more detailed investigation is needed.”The chapter concludes by asserting that “these alkaloids are a novel (or at least distinct) class of opioids. It appears that biodiversity has provided an alternative natural source of opioid compounds.”Chapter 13Points out that the pain-relieving effects of kratom cannot be explained by just the MG alkaloid, which is less potent than morphine. The 7-OH-MG alkaloid (small amount present in kratom) produces the strongest pain-relieving effect, maybe ten times stronger than morphine. The chapter urges more research into all of the alkaloids in kratom, concluding that “unknown ancient treasures are still hidden in the Thai traditional medicine M. speciosa, and we should hunt for them.”Chapter 14Compares the non-pain relieving aspects of kratom and other opioidsBoth inhibit coughs. They were “equipotent.”Both produce respiratory depression, but kratom’s effect is milder.Euphoria: the authors note that kratom users report that a high dose of kratom is needed to produce euphoria and they speculate there is some compound in kratom that blocks euphoria at low doses.Animals didn’t show as marked a preference for places where they received kratom, as they did for places where they got other opioids. Authors concluded the kratom extract used either did not have a sufficiently high concentration of active compounds, or that it contained some compound that blocked its effects.They found some antidepressant activity in kratom.Chapter 15There is a discussion on opioid-induced constipation here. They found that morphine and the 7-OH-MG alkaloid in kratom slowed the travel of food through the large intestine to the same degree. However, since 7-OH-MG is ten times more potent than morphine for pain relief, you would need ten times less 7-OH-MG and therefore constipation would not be such a problem. When the MG alkaloid is compared to morphine and codeine as far as causing constipation, it was found that MG didn’t slow the food down nearly as much as morphine and codeine. So both of the pain-reducing elements in kratom cause less constipation than traditional opioids. The authors present this as a “possible clinical benefit, as opioids are commonly associated with constipation.”Chapter 16The authors quote fragments from postings by kratom users to a site called Erowid. Most of the quotes are from people trying to use kratom to detox from harsher opioids, or to feel euphoria, or to manage chronic pain. There was also some discussion of withdrawal symptoms. The authors also publish what they say is a “small number” of people who feel they may have caused themselves temporary liver or gall-bladder problems by using kratom.Chapter 18This is a long chapter detailing “adverse effects and toxicity” of opioids from the poppy plant—not kratom.Chapter 19This is on the “Toxicology of Mitragynine and Analogs.”The chapter begins by pointing out that “To date, there have been no reports of fatal overdose of kratom per se. If there are such occurrences, they are probably the result of kratom products contaminated with synthetic adulterants.”Most of the studies are with animals. One interesting thing found was that the Mitragynine content in the kratom extracts vary significantly by geographic origin. So the kratom in Thailand reported a higher mitragynine content than an extract from Malaysia.The researchers tested the safety of MG by giving higher and higher doses to the rats. They concluded that it was only at the highest doses that any liver or kidney damage was found, and even then, “there were no significant effects of other biochemical parameters, such as cholesterol, triglycerides, total protein, creatinine, albumin, alkaline phosphates, or glucose levels.”There don’t seem to have been any studies on humans but “despite informal and unsupervised widespread use of kratom, there are no reports of mortalities after ingestion of kratom alone, even after chronic and high-dosage consumption, but serious adverse reactions have been reported in several cases.” The cases referred to involve people who took adulterated kratom products, or mixed kratom with other substances. The chapter concludes by calling for more studies, so the “risk-benefit” equation for kratom can be more fully known.One interesting point that came up in this chapter is that MG is a “poorly water-soluble drug . . . and has an acid-degradable nature.” That must be why it seems to dissolve in orange juice but not in water.Chapter 20This chapter is really looking ahead, to talk about what kinds of studies should be done. It recommends animal studies to see the abuse potential of the alkaloids in kratom. This chapter was very difficult to read, but I think it essentially said that pain-relieving properties have been established so now studies should focus on the dangers of the drug. It concludes that “many strides . . .have been made . . . regarding its potential therapeutic uses as an analgesic, anti-inflammatory agent, and muscle relaxant.” It also concludes that kratom can produce tolerance and physical dependence. It asks for studies “to assess the positive reinforcing and drug-seeking effects of mitragynine and drug discrimination assays to assess mechanistic similarities between mitragynine and prototypic drugs of abuse.”Chapter 21The author of this chapter, Professor Aziz Zoriah from the University of Malaya in Malayasia, gives the background of kratom. It was exclusive to Southeast Asia until around 1990, when the Internet made it easy to order. In Southeast Asia it is widely used, mostly as a stimulant to increase work production and treatment for opioid withdrawal symptoms. He cites a Malaysian study and a Thai study that both show a large percentage of the users reported they had trouble stopping. Professor Zoriah thinks this is because kratom is so easily available there, and so cheap, that users regularly take large doses. Along with all of the other researchers, he calls for more substantive research to be done on this drug.Final Thoughts:This is clearly a drug that needs to remain legal. It has many medical uses and has not caused one death yet—as opposed to alcohol, which new research shows causes an average of six deaths every day.

The title says it all. I am working on a Ph.D. in a pharmacology-related field and wanted to write a research proposal on mitragynine. This book was an incredible investment for that purpose. It is somewhat specialized, although a determined average reader could reap plenty of benefit from it. Citations and references are thorough and extremely helpful. Great book, through and through.

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